1. (that)the authorities concerned took proper steps to solve the traffic problems

　　解析：本题考点有两个。第一，考查"是......的时候了"的用法。翻译成英语可以说：It is time to dosomething或It is time that sb. didsomething.本句采用的是后一种虚拟语气句型。谓语部分要用过去时态。第二，"有关当局"应译成the authoritiesconcerned。Concerned的意思是"有关的，有牵连的"，常用于名词后面，修饰该名词。concerning的意思是"关于"，通常不作后置定语。

　　2. he substituted for the injured player

　　解析："替换某人"要用substitute for sb.，尽管汉语中只说"替换"，翻译时要补上介词for，以符合英语的要求。"替换"还有displace，replace，swap，take theplace of，instead of等说法。这些表达之间有微妙的差别，考生要注意区分。

　　substitute(n./vi.) 代替;取代; 代替品

　　Nothing can substitute for the advice the doctor is able to give you.

　　substitute的用法是：substitute A for B，意为用A代替B;

　　replace 的用法是：replace A with B，意为用B代替A。

　　例句：

　　1. In manufacturing, cheaper materials are constantly being substituted for the better and more expensive kind.

　　2. The government decided to replace coal with gas.

　　练习

　　1. Nowadays plastic is often used to ______ for rubber. (看到for用substitute)

　　2. The team ______ James with John in the match today. (with用replace)

　　3. Despite the fact that the old couple leads a very plain life

　　解析：Despite有"尽管"之意，看似连词，实际上却是介词。相当于in spite of，一般后接名词，如：Despite thebad weather we enjoyed ourholiday.(尽管天气不好，我们的假期仍过得很愉快。)原句需填入部分是一个单句，因此要用"despite the factthat..."结构。让步状语从句还可以用although引导，即：Although the old couple leads a veryplain life.

　　4. we should apply what we learned to the practical work

　　解析：汉语里的"所学的东西"，在英语里可以由关系代词what引导的宾语从句来表达。由于汉语语言的表达方式与英语不一样，初学者在翻译此类句子时往往按照汉语的顺序，一字不漏地译出来，却不会使用what从句来代替。请看下例：我经常在想上次见到你时你所说的话。如果把这句话译成I often think about the words you said last time we met就会太生硬、罗嗦。应该译成I often think about what you said last time we met. 本题"我们所学到的知识"可以译成what we learned。本题的另外一个考点是："将......运用于......"可译成apply...to...。

　　5. I am compelled to give up doing sports

　　解析：around the corner不是指在拐角处，而是说某事即将来临，这里可以翻译成"迫在眉睫"。有的同学错误地将"不得不做某事"译成decide to do sth.，这样就无法准确传递出原文地感情色彩。由于考试迫在眉睫，所以"我"不得不放弃运动。这里是被迫"放弃"。而decide to do是主观意志决定去做。"不得不"的说法在英文里有：have to，cannot but，cannot help but，cannot choose but，have no alternative but等。

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